strafe-client/src/model_physics.rs

use crate::integer::{Planar64,Planar64Vec3};
use std::borrow::{Borrow,Cow};

#[derive(Debug,Clone,Copy,Hash,Eq,PartialEq)]
pub struct VertId(usize);
#[derive(Debug,Clone,Copy,Hash,Eq,PartialEq)]
pub struct EdgeId(usize);
pub trait UndirectedEdge{
	type DirectedEdge:Copy+DirectedEdge;
	fn as_directed(&self,parity:bool)->Self::DirectedEdge;
}
impl UndirectedEdge for EdgeId{
	type DirectedEdge=DirectedEdgeId;
	fn as_directed(&self,parity:bool)->DirectedEdgeId{
		DirectedEdgeId(self.0|((parity as usize)<<(usize::BITS-1)))
	}
}
pub trait DirectedEdge{
	type UndirectedEdge:Copy+UndirectedEdge;
	fn as_undirected(&self)->Self::UndirectedEdge;
	fn parity(&self)->bool;
	//this is stupid but may work fine
	fn reverse(&self)-><<Self as DirectedEdge>::UndirectedEdge as UndirectedEdge>::DirectedEdge{
		self.as_undirected().as_directed(!self.parity())
	}
}
/// DirectedEdgeId refers to an EdgeId when undirected.
#[derive(Debug,Clone,Copy,Hash,Eq,PartialEq)]
pub struct DirectedEdgeId(usize);
impl DirectedEdge for DirectedEdgeId{
	type UndirectedEdge=EdgeId;
	fn as_undirected(&self)->EdgeId{
		EdgeId(self.0&!(1<<(usize::BITS-1)))
	}
	fn parity(&self)->bool{
		self.0&(1<<(usize::BITS-1))!=0
	}
}
#[derive(Debug,Clone,Copy,Hash,Eq,PartialEq)]
pub struct FaceId(usize);

//Vertex <-> Edge <-> Face -> Collide
pub enum FEV<F,E:DirectedEdge,V>{
	Face(F),
	Edge(E::UndirectedEdge),
	Vert(V),
}

//use Unit32 #[repr(C)] for map files
struct Face{
	normal:Planar64Vec3,
	dot:Planar64,
}
struct Vert(Planar64Vec3);
pub trait MeshQuery<FACE:Clone,EDGE:Clone+DirectedEdge,VERT:Clone>{
	fn edge_n(&self,edge_id:EDGE::UndirectedEdge)->Planar64Vec3{
		let verts=self.edge_verts(edge_id);
		self.vert(verts[1].clone())-self.vert(verts[0].clone())
	}
	fn directed_edge_n(&self,directed_edge_id:EDGE)->Planar64Vec3{
		let verts=self.edge_verts(directed_edge_id.as_undirected());
		(self.vert(verts[1].clone())-self.vert(verts[0].clone()))*((directed_edge_id.parity() as i64)*2-1)
	}
	fn vert(&self,vert_id:VERT)->Planar64Vec3;
	fn face_nd(&self,face_id:FACE)->(Planar64Vec3,Planar64);
	fn face_edges(&self,face_id:FACE)->Cow<Vec<EDGE>>;
	fn edge_faces(&self,edge_id:EDGE::UndirectedEdge)->Cow<[FACE;2]>;
	fn edge_verts(&self,edge_id:EDGE::UndirectedEdge)->Cow<[VERT;2]>;
	fn vert_edges(&self,vert_id:VERT)->Cow<Vec<EDGE>>;
	fn vert_faces(&self,vert_id:VERT)->Cow<Vec<FACE>>;
}
struct FaceRefs{
	edges:Vec<DirectedEdgeId>,
	//verts:Vec<VertId>,
}
struct EdgeRefs{
	faces:[FaceId;2],//left, right
	verts:[VertId;2],//bottom, top
}
struct VertRefs{
	faces:Vec<FaceId>,
	edges:Vec<DirectedEdgeId>,
}
pub struct PhysicsMesh{
	faces:Vec<Face>,
	verts:Vec<Vert>,
	face_topology:Vec<FaceRefs>,
	edge_topology:Vec<EdgeRefs>,
	vert_topology:Vec<VertRefs>,
}

#[derive(Default,Clone)]
struct VertRefGuy{
	edges:std::collections::HashSet<DirectedEdgeId>,
	faces:std::collections::HashSet<FaceId>,
}
#[derive(Clone,Hash,Eq,PartialEq)]
struct EdgeRefVerts([VertId;2]);
impl EdgeRefVerts{
	fn new(v0:VertId,v1:VertId)->(Self,bool){
		(if v0.0<v1.0{
			Self([v0,v1])
		}else{
			Self([v1,v0])
		},v0.0<v1.0)
	}
}
struct EdgeRefFaces([FaceId;2]);
impl EdgeRefFaces{
	fn new()->Self{
		Self([FaceId(0);2])
	}
	fn push(&mut self,i:usize,face_id:FaceId){
		self.0[i]=face_id;
	}
}
struct FaceRefEdges(Vec<DirectedEdgeId>);
#[derive(Default)]
struct EdgePool{
	edge_guys:Vec<(EdgeRefVerts,EdgeRefFaces)>,
	edge_id_from_guy:std::collections::HashMap<EdgeRefVerts,usize>,
}
impl EdgePool{
	fn push(&mut self,edge_ref_verts:EdgeRefVerts)->(&mut EdgeRefFaces,EdgeId){
		let edge_id=if let Some(&edge_id)=self.edge_id_from_guy.get(&edge_ref_verts){
			edge_id
		}else{
			let edge_id=self.edge_guys.len();
			self.edge_guys.push((edge_ref_verts.clone(),EdgeRefFaces::new()));
			self.edge_id_from_guy.insert(edge_ref_verts,edge_id);
			edge_id
		};
		(&mut unsafe{self.edge_guys.get_unchecked_mut(edge_id)}.1,EdgeId(edge_id))
	}
}
impl From<&crate::model::IndexedModel> for PhysicsMesh{
	fn from(indexed_model:&crate::model::IndexedModel)->Self{
		assert!(indexed_model.unique_pos.len()!=0,"Mesh cannot have 0 vertices");
		let verts=indexed_model.unique_pos.iter().map(|v|Vert(v.clone())).collect();
		let mut vert_ref_guys=vec![VertRefGuy::default();indexed_model.unique_pos.len()];
		let mut edge_pool=EdgePool::default();
		let mut face_i=0;
		let mut faces=Vec::new();
		let mut face_ref_guys=Vec::new();
		for group in indexed_model.groups.iter(){for poly in group.polys.iter(){
			let face_id=FaceId(face_i);
			//one face per poly
			let mut normal=Planar64Vec3::ZERO;
			let len=poly.vertices.len();
			let face_edges=poly.vertices.iter().enumerate().map(|(i,&vert_id)|{
				let vert0_id=indexed_model.unique_vertices[vert_id as usize].pos as usize;
				let vert1_id=indexed_model.unique_vertices[poly.vertices[(i+1)%len] as usize].pos as usize;
				//https://www.khronos.org/opengl/wiki/Calculating_a_Surface_Normal (Newell's Method)
				let v0=indexed_model.unique_pos[vert0_id];
				let v1=indexed_model.unique_pos[vert1_id];
				normal+=Planar64Vec3::new(
					(v0.y()-v1.y())*(v0.z()+v1.z()),
					(v0.z()-v1.z())*(v0.x()+v1.x()),
					(v0.x()-v1.x())*(v0.y()+v1.y()),
				);
				//get/create edge and push face into it
				let (edge_ref_verts,is_sorted)=EdgeRefVerts::new(VertId(vert0_id),VertId(vert1_id));
				let (edge_ref_faces,edge_id)=edge_pool.push(edge_ref_verts);
				//polygon vertices as assumed to be listed clockwise
				//populate the edge face on the left or right depending on how the edge vertices got sorted
				edge_ref_faces.push(!is_sorted as usize,face_id);
				//index edges & face into vertices
				{
					let vert_ref_guy=unsafe{vert_ref_guys.get_unchecked_mut(vert0_id)};
					vert_ref_guy.edges.insert(edge_id.as_directed(is_sorted));
					vert_ref_guy.faces.insert(face_id);
					unsafe{vert_ref_guys.get_unchecked_mut(vert1_id)}.edges.insert(edge_id.as_directed(!is_sorted));
				}
				//return directed_edge_id
				edge_id.as_directed(is_sorted)
			}).collect();
			//choose precision loss randomly idk
			normal=normal/len as i64;
			let mut dot=Planar64::ZERO;
			for &v in poly.vertices.iter(){
				dot+=normal.dot(indexed_model.unique_pos[indexed_model.unique_vertices[v as usize].pos as usize]);
			}
			faces.push(Face{normal,dot:dot/len as i64});
			face_ref_guys.push(FaceRefEdges(face_edges));
			face_i+=1;
		}}
		//conceivably faces, edges, and vertices exist now
		Self{
			faces,
			verts,
			face_topology:face_ref_guys.into_iter().map(|face_ref_guy|{
				FaceRefs{edges:face_ref_guy.0}
			}).collect(),
			edge_topology:edge_pool.edge_guys.into_iter().map(|(edge_ref_verts,edge_ref_faces)|
				EdgeRefs{faces:edge_ref_faces.0,verts:edge_ref_verts.0}
			).collect(),
			vert_topology:vert_ref_guys.into_iter().map(|vert_ref_guy|
				VertRefs{
					edges:vert_ref_guy.edges.into_iter().collect(),
					faces:vert_ref_guy.faces.into_iter().collect(),
				}
			).collect(),
		}
	}
}

impl PhysicsMesh{
	pub fn verts<'a>(&'a self)->impl Iterator<Item=Planar64Vec3>+'a{
		self.verts.iter().map(|Vert(pos)|*pos)
	}
}
impl MeshQuery<FaceId,DirectedEdgeId,VertId> for PhysicsMesh{
	fn face_nd(&self,face_id:FaceId)->(Planar64Vec3,Planar64){
		(self.faces[face_id.0].normal,self.faces[face_id.0].dot)
	}
	//ideally I never calculate the vertex position, but I have to for the graphical meshes...
	fn vert(&self,vert_id:VertId)->Planar64Vec3{
		self.verts[vert_id.0].0
	}
	fn face_edges(&self,face_id:FaceId)->Cow<Vec<DirectedEdgeId>>{
		Cow::Borrowed(&self.face_topology[face_id.0].edges)
	}
	fn edge_faces(&self,edge_id:EdgeId)->Cow<[FaceId;2]>{
		Cow::Borrowed(&self.edge_topology[edge_id.0].faces)
	}
	fn edge_verts(&self,edge_id:EdgeId)->Cow<[VertId;2]>{
		Cow::Borrowed(&self.edge_topology[edge_id.0].verts)
	}
	fn vert_edges(&self,vert_id:VertId)->Cow<Vec<DirectedEdgeId>>{
		Cow::Borrowed(&self.vert_topology[vert_id.0].edges)
	}
	fn vert_faces(&self,vert_id:VertId)->Cow<Vec<FaceId>>{
		Cow::Borrowed(&self.vert_topology[vert_id.0].faces)
	}
}

pub struct TransformedMesh<'a>{
	mesh:&'a PhysicsMesh,
	transform:&'a crate::integer::Planar64Affine3,
	normal_transform:&'a crate::integer::Planar64Mat3,
	transform_det:Planar64,
}
impl TransformedMesh<'_>{
	pub fn new<'a>(
		mesh:&'a PhysicsMesh,
		transform:&'a crate::integer::Planar64Affine3,
		normal_transform:&'a crate::integer::Planar64Mat3,
		transform_det:Planar64,
		)->TransformedMesh<'a>{
		TransformedMesh{
			mesh,
			transform,
			normal_transform,
			transform_det,
		}
	}
	fn farthest_vert(&self,dir:Planar64Vec3)->VertId{
		let mut best_dot=Planar64::MIN;
		let mut best_vert=VertId(0);
		for (i,vert) in self.mesh.verts.iter().enumerate(){
			let p=self.transform.transform_point3(vert.0);
			let d=dir.dot(p);
			if best_dot<d{
				best_dot=d;
				best_vert=VertId(i);
			}
		}
		best_vert
	}
}
impl MeshQuery<FaceId,DirectedEdgeId,VertId> for TransformedMesh<'_>{
	fn face_nd(&self,face_id:FaceId)->(Planar64Vec3,Planar64){
		let (n,d)=self.mesh.face_nd(face_id);
		let transformed_n=*self.normal_transform*n;
		let transformed_d=self.transform_det*d+transformed_n.dot(self.transform.translation);
		(transformed_n,transformed_d)
	}
	fn vert(&self,vert_id:VertId)->Planar64Vec3{
		self.transform.transform_point3(self.mesh.vert(vert_id))
	}
	#[inline]
	fn face_edges(&self,face_id:FaceId)->Cow<Vec<DirectedEdgeId>>{
		self.mesh.face_edges(face_id)
	}
	#[inline]
	fn edge_faces(&self,edge_id:EdgeId)->Cow<[FaceId;2]>{
		self.mesh.edge_faces(edge_id)
	}
	#[inline]
	fn edge_verts(&self,edge_id:EdgeId)->Cow<[VertId;2]>{
		self.mesh.edge_verts(edge_id)
	}
	#[inline]
	fn vert_edges(&self,vert_id:VertId)->Cow<Vec<DirectedEdgeId>>{
		self.mesh.vert_edges(vert_id)
	}
	#[inline]
	fn vert_faces(&self,vert_id:VertId)->Cow<Vec<FaceId>>{
		self.mesh.vert_faces(vert_id)
	}
}

//Note that a face on a minkowski mesh refers to a pair of fevs on the meshes it's summed from
//(face,vertex)
//(edge,edge)
//(vertex,face)
#[derive(Clone,Copy)]
pub enum MinkowskiVert{
	VertVert(VertId,VertId),
}
#[derive(Clone,Copy)]
pub enum MinkowskiEdge{
	VertEdge(VertId,EdgeId),
	EdgeVert(EdgeId,VertId),
	//EdgeEdge when edges are parallel
}
impl UndirectedEdge for MinkowskiEdge{
	type DirectedEdge=MinkowskiDirectedEdge;
	fn as_directed(&self,parity:bool)->Self::DirectedEdge{
		match self{
			MinkowskiEdge::VertEdge(v0,e1)=>MinkowskiDirectedEdge::VertEdge(*v0,e1.as_directed(parity)),
			MinkowskiEdge::EdgeVert(e0,v1)=>MinkowskiDirectedEdge::EdgeVert(e0.as_directed(parity),*v1),
		}
	}
}
#[derive(Clone,Copy)]
pub enum MinkowskiDirectedEdge{
	VertEdge(VertId,DirectedEdgeId),
	EdgeVert(DirectedEdgeId,VertId),
	//EdgeEdge when edges are parallel
}
impl DirectedEdge for MinkowskiDirectedEdge{
	type UndirectedEdge=MinkowskiEdge;
	fn as_undirected(&self)->Self::UndirectedEdge{
		match self{
			MinkowskiDirectedEdge::VertEdge(v0,e1)=>MinkowskiEdge::VertEdge(*v0,e1.as_undirected()),
			MinkowskiDirectedEdge::EdgeVert(e0,v1)=>MinkowskiEdge::EdgeVert(e0.as_undirected(),*v1),
		}
	}
	fn parity(&self)->bool{
		match self{
			MinkowskiDirectedEdge::VertEdge(_,e)
			|MinkowskiDirectedEdge::EdgeVert(e,_)=>e.parity(),
		}
	}
}
#[derive(Debug,Clone,Copy,Hash,Eq,PartialEq)]
pub enum MinkowskiFace{
	VertFace(VertId,FaceId),
	EdgeEdge(EdgeId,EdgeId,bool),
	FaceVert(FaceId,VertId),
	//EdgeFace
	//FaceEdge
	//FaceFace
}

pub struct MinkowskiMesh<'a>{
	mesh0:&'a TransformedMesh<'a>,
	mesh1:&'a TransformedMesh<'a>,
}

//infinity fev algorithm state transition
enum Transition{
	Done,//found closest vert, no edges are better
	Vert(MinkowskiVert),//transition to vert
}
enum EV{
	Vert(MinkowskiVert),
	Edge(MinkowskiEdge),
}

impl MinkowskiMesh<'_>{
	pub fn minkowski_sum<'a>(mesh0:&'a TransformedMesh,mesh1:&'a TransformedMesh)->MinkowskiMesh<'a>{
		MinkowskiMesh{
			mesh0,
			mesh1,
		}
	}
	fn farthest_vert(&self,dir:Planar64Vec3)->MinkowskiVert{
		MinkowskiVert::VertVert(self.mesh0.farthest_vert(dir),self.mesh1.farthest_vert(-dir))
	}
	fn next_transition_vert(&self,vert_id:MinkowskiVert,best_distance_squared:&mut Planar64,infinity_dir:Planar64Vec3,point:Planar64Vec3)->Transition{
		let mut best_transition=Transition::Done;
		for &directed_edge_id in self.vert_edges(vert_id).iter(){
			let edge_n=self.directed_edge_n(directed_edge_id);
			//is boundary uncrossable by a crawl from infinity
			if infinity_dir.dot(edge_n)==Planar64::ZERO{
				let edge_verts=self.edge_verts(directed_edge_id.as_undirected());
				//select opposite vertex
				let test_vert_id=edge_verts[directed_edge_id.parity() as usize];
				//test if it's closer
				let diff=point-self.vert(test_vert_id);
				let distance_squared=diff.dot(diff);
				if distance_squared<*best_distance_squared{
					best_transition=Transition::Vert(test_vert_id);
					*best_distance_squared=distance_squared;
				}
			}
		}
		best_transition
	}
	fn final_ev(&self,vert_id:MinkowskiVert,best_distance_squared:&mut Planar64,infinity_dir:Planar64Vec3,point:Planar64Vec3)->EV{
		let mut best_transition=EV::Vert(vert_id);
		let diff=point-self.vert(vert_id);
		for &directed_edge_id in self.vert_edges(vert_id).iter(){
			let edge_n=self.directed_edge_n(directed_edge_id);
			//is boundary uncrossable by a crawl from infinity
			if infinity_dir.dot(edge_n)==Planar64::ZERO{
				//test the edge
				let d=diff.dot(edge_n);
				let edge_nn=edge_n.dot(edge_n);
				if Planar64::ZERO<=d&&d<=edge_nn{
					let distance_squared={
						let c=diff.cross(edge_n);
						c.dot(c)/edge_nn
					};
					if distance_squared<=*best_distance_squared{
						best_transition=EV::Edge(directed_edge_id.as_undirected());
						*best_distance_squared=distance_squared;
					}
				}
			}
		}
		best_transition
	}
	fn crawl_boundaries(&self,mut vert_id:MinkowskiVert,infinity_dir:Planar64Vec3,point:Planar64Vec3)->EV{
		let mut best_distance_squared={
			let diff=point-self.vert(vert_id);
			diff.dot(diff)
		};
		loop{
			match self.next_transition_vert(vert_id,&mut best_distance_squared,infinity_dir,point){
				Transition::Done=>return self.final_ev(vert_id,&mut best_distance_squared,infinity_dir,point),
				Transition::Vert(new_vert_id)=>vert_id=new_vert_id,
			}
		}
	}
	/// This function drops a vertex down to an edge or a face if the path from infinity did not cross any vertex-edge boundaries but the point is supposed to have already crossed a boundary down from a vertex
	fn infinity_fev(&self,infinity_dir:Planar64Vec3,point:Planar64Vec3)->FEV::<MinkowskiFace,MinkowskiDirectedEdge,MinkowskiVert>{
		//start on any vertex
		//cross uncrossable vertex-edge boundaries until you find the closest vertex or edge
		//cross edge-face boundary if it's uncrossable
		match self.crawl_boundaries(self.farthest_vert(infinity_dir),infinity_dir,point){
			//if a vert is returned, it is the closest point to the infinity point
			EV::Vert(vert_id)=>FEV::<MinkowskiFace,MinkowskiDirectedEdge,MinkowskiVert>::Vert(vert_id),
			EV::Edge(edge_id)=>{
				//cross to face if the boundary is not crossable and we are on the wrong side
				let edge_n=self.edge_n(edge_id);
				let vert_sum={
					let &[v0,v1]=self.edge_verts(edge_id).borrow();
					self.vert(v0)+self.vert(v1)
				};
				for (i,&face_id) in self.edge_faces(edge_id).iter().enumerate(){
					let face_n=self.face_nd(face_id).0;
					//edge-face boundary nd, n facing out of the face towards the edge
					let boundary_n=face_n.cross(edge_n)*(i as i64*2-1);
					let boundary_d=boundary_n.dot128(vert_sum);
					// point.dot(boundary_n) is multiplied by two because vert_sum sums two vertices.
					if infinity_dir.dot(boundary_n)==Planar64::ZERO&&point.dot128(boundary_n)*2<=boundary_d{
						//both faces cannot pass this condition, return early if one does.
						return FEV::<MinkowskiFace,MinkowskiDirectedEdge,MinkowskiVert>::Face(face_id);
					}
				}
				FEV::<MinkowskiFace,MinkowskiDirectedEdge,MinkowskiVert>::Edge(edge_id)
			},
		}
	}
	fn closest_fev_not_inside(&self,mut infinity_body:crate::physics::Body)->Option<FEV::<MinkowskiFace,MinkowskiDirectedEdge,MinkowskiVert>>{
		infinity_body.infinity_dir().map_or(None,|dir|{
			let infinity_fev=self.infinity_fev(-dir,infinity_body.position);
			//a line is simpler to solve than a parabola
			infinity_body.velocity=dir;
			infinity_body.acceleration=Planar64Vec3::ZERO;
			//crawl in from negative infinity along a tangent line to get the closest fev
			match crate::face_crawler::crawl_fev(infinity_fev,self,&infinity_body,crate::integer::Time::MIN,infinity_body.time){
				crate::face_crawler::CrawlResult::Miss(fev)=>Some(fev),
				crate::face_crawler::CrawlResult::Hit(_,_)=>None,
			}
		})
	}
	pub fn predict_collision_in(&self,relative_body:&crate::physics::Body,time_limit:crate::integer::Time)->Option<(MinkowskiFace,crate::integer::Time)>{
		self.closest_fev_not_inside(relative_body.clone()).map_or(None,|fev|{
			//continue forwards along the body parabola
			match crate::face_crawler::crawl_fev(fev,self,relative_body,relative_body.time,time_limit){
				crate::face_crawler::CrawlResult::Miss(_)=>None,
				crate::face_crawler::CrawlResult::Hit(face,time)=>Some((face,time)),
			}
		})
	}
	pub fn predict_collision_out(&self,relative_body:&crate::physics::Body,time_limit:crate::integer::Time)->Option<(MinkowskiFace,crate::integer::Time)>{
		//create an extrapolated body at time_limit
		let infinity_body=crate::physics::Body::new(
			relative_body.extrapolated_position(time_limit),
			-relative_body.extrapolated_velocity(time_limit),
			relative_body.acceleration,
			-time_limit,
		);
		self.closest_fev_not_inside(infinity_body).map_or(None,|fev|{
			//continue backwards along the body parabola
			match crate::face_crawler::crawl_fev(fev,self,&-relative_body.clone(),-time_limit,-relative_body.time){
				crate::face_crawler::CrawlResult::Miss(_)=>None,
				crate::face_crawler::CrawlResult::Hit(face,time)=>Some((face,-time)),//no need to test -time<time_limit because of the first step
			}
		})
	}
	pub fn predict_collision_face_out(&self,relative_body:&crate::physics::Body,time_limit:crate::integer::Time,contact_face_id:MinkowskiFace)->Option<(MinkowskiEdge,crate::integer::Time)>{
		//no algorithm needed, there is only one state and two cases (Edge,None)
		//determine when it passes an edge ("sliding off" case)
		let mut best_time=time_limit;
		let mut best_edge=None;
		let face_n=self.face_nd(contact_face_id).0;
		for &directed_edge_id in self.face_edges(contact_face_id).iter(){
			let edge_n=self.directed_edge_n(directed_edge_id);
			//f x e points in
			let n=face_n.cross(edge_n);
			let verts=self.edge_verts(directed_edge_id.as_undirected());
			let d=n.dot(self.vert(verts[0])+self.vert(verts[1]));
			//WARNING! d outside of *2
			for t in crate::zeroes::zeroes2((n.dot(relative_body.position))*2-d,n.dot(relative_body.velocity)*2,n.dot(relative_body.acceleration)){
				let t=relative_body.time+crate::integer::Time::from(t);
				if relative_body.time<t&&t<best_time&&n.dot(relative_body.extrapolated_velocity(t))<Planar64::ZERO{
					best_time=t;
					best_edge=Some(directed_edge_id);
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		best_edge.map(|e|(e.as_undirected(),best_time))
	}
}
impl MeshQuery<MinkowskiFace,MinkowskiDirectedEdge,MinkowskiVert> for MinkowskiMesh<'_>{
	fn face_nd(&self,face_id:MinkowskiFace)->(Planar64Vec3,Planar64){
		match face_id{
			MinkowskiFace::VertFace(v0,f1)=>{
				let (n,d)=self.mesh1.face_nd(f1);
				(-n,d-n.dot(self.mesh0.vert(v0)))
			},
			MinkowskiFace::EdgeEdge(e0,e1,parity)=>{
				let edge0_n=self.mesh0.edge_n(e0);
				let edge1_n=self.mesh1.edge_n(e1);
				let &[e0v0,e0v1]=self.mesh0.edge_verts(e0).borrow();
				let &[e1v0,e1v1]=self.mesh1.edge_verts(e1).borrow();
				let n=edge0_n.cross(edge1_n);
				let e0d=n.dot(self.mesh0.vert(e0v0)+self.mesh0.vert(e0v1));
				let e1d=n.dot(self.mesh1.vert(e1v0)+self.mesh1.vert(e1v1));
				(n*(parity as i64*4-2),(e0d-e1d)*(parity as i64*2-1))
			},
			MinkowskiFace::FaceVert(f0,v1)=>{
				let (n,d)=self.mesh0.face_nd(f0);
				(n,d-n.dot(self.mesh1.vert(v1)))
			},
		}
	}
	fn vert(&self,vert_id:MinkowskiVert)->Planar64Vec3{
		match vert_id{
			MinkowskiVert::VertVert(v0,v1)=>{
				self.mesh0.vert(v0)-self.mesh1.vert(v1)
			},
		}
	}
	fn face_edges(&self,face_id:MinkowskiFace)->Cow<Vec<MinkowskiDirectedEdge>>{
		match face_id{
			MinkowskiFace::VertFace(v0,f1)=>{
				Cow::Owned(self.mesh1.face_edges(f1).iter().map(|&edge_id1|{
					MinkowskiDirectedEdge::VertEdge(v0,edge_id1.reverse())
				}).collect())
			},
			MinkowskiFace::EdgeEdge(e0,e1,parity)=>{
				let e0v=self.mesh0.edge_verts(e0);
				let e1v=self.mesh1.edge_verts(e1);
				//could sort this if ordered edges are needed
				//probably just need to reverse this list according to parity
				Cow::Owned(vec![
					MinkowskiDirectedEdge::VertEdge(e0v[0],e1.as_directed(parity)),
					MinkowskiDirectedEdge::EdgeVert(e0.as_directed(!parity),e1v[0]),
					MinkowskiDirectedEdge::VertEdge(e0v[1],e1.as_directed(!parity)),
					MinkowskiDirectedEdge::EdgeVert(e0.as_directed(parity),e1v[1]),
				])
			},
			MinkowskiFace::FaceVert(f0,v1)=>{
				Cow::Owned(self.mesh0.face_edges(f0).iter().map(|&edge_id0|{
					MinkowskiDirectedEdge::EdgeVert(edge_id0,v1)
				}).collect())
			},
		}
	}
	fn edge_faces(&self,edge_id:MinkowskiEdge)->Cow<[MinkowskiFace;2]>{
		match edge_id{
			MinkowskiEdge::VertEdge(v0,e1)=>{
				//faces are listed backwards from the minkowski mesh
				let v0e=self.mesh0.vert_edges(v0);
				let &[e1f0,e1f1]=self.mesh1.edge_faces(e1).borrow();
				Cow::Owned([(e1f1,false),(e1f0,true)].map(|(edge_face_id1,face_parity)|{
					let mut best_edge=None;
					let mut best_d=Planar64::ZERO;
					let edge_face1_n=self.mesh1.face_nd(edge_face_id1).0;
					let edge_face1_nn=edge_face1_n.dot(edge_face1_n);
					for &directed_edge_id0 in v0e.iter(){
						let edge0_n=self.mesh0.directed_edge_n(directed_edge_id0);
						//must be behind other face.
						let d=edge_face1_n.dot(edge0_n);
						if d<Planar64::ZERO{
							let edge0_nn=edge0_n.dot(edge0_n);
							//divide by zero???
							let dd=d*d/(edge_face1_nn*edge0_nn);
							if best_d<dd{
								best_d=dd;
								best_edge=Some(directed_edge_id0);
							}
						}
					}
					best_edge.map_or(
						MinkowskiFace::VertFace(v0,edge_face_id1),
						|directed_edge_id0|MinkowskiFace::EdgeEdge(directed_edge_id0.as_undirected(),e1,directed_edge_id0.parity()^face_parity)
					)
				}))
			},
			MinkowskiEdge::EdgeVert(e0,v1)=>{
				//tracking index with an external variable because .enumerate() is not available
				let v1e=self.mesh1.vert_edges(v1);
				let &[e0f0,e0f1]=self.mesh0.edge_faces(e0).borrow();
				Cow::Owned([(e0f0,true),(e0f1,false)].map(|(edge_face_id0,face_parity)|{
					let mut best_edge=None;
					let mut best_d=Planar64::ZERO;
					let edge_face0_n=self.mesh0.face_nd(edge_face_id0).0;
					let edge_face0_nn=edge_face0_n.dot(edge_face0_n);
					for &directed_edge_id1 in v1e.iter(){
						let edge1_n=self.mesh1.directed_edge_n(directed_edge_id1);
						let d=edge_face0_n.dot(edge1_n);
						if d<Planar64::ZERO{
							let edge1_nn=edge1_n.dot(edge1_n);
							let dd=d*d/(edge_face0_nn*edge1_nn);
							if best_d<dd{
								best_d=dd;
								best_edge=Some(directed_edge_id1);
							}
						}
					}
					best_edge.map_or(
						MinkowskiFace::FaceVert(edge_face_id0,v1),
						|directed_edge_id1|MinkowskiFace::EdgeEdge(e0,directed_edge_id1.as_undirected(),directed_edge_id1.parity()^face_parity)
					)
				}))
			},
		}
	}
	fn edge_verts(&self,edge_id:MinkowskiEdge)->Cow<[MinkowskiVert;2]>{
		match edge_id{
			MinkowskiEdge::VertEdge(v0,e1)=>{
				Cow::Owned(self.mesh1.edge_verts(e1).map(|vert_id1|{
					MinkowskiVert::VertVert(v0,vert_id1)
				}))
			},
			MinkowskiEdge::EdgeVert(e0,v1)=>{
				Cow::Owned(self.mesh0.edge_verts(e0).map(|vert_id0|{
					MinkowskiVert::VertVert(vert_id0,v1)
				}))
			},
		}
	}
	fn vert_edges(&self,vert_id:MinkowskiVert)->Cow<Vec<MinkowskiDirectedEdge>>{
		match vert_id{
			MinkowskiVert::VertVert(v0,v1)=>{
				let mut edges=Vec::new();
				//detect shared volume when the other mesh is mirrored along a test edge dir
				let v0f=self.mesh0.vert_faces(v0);
				let v1f=self.mesh1.vert_faces(v1);
				let v0f_n:Vec<Planar64Vec3>=v0f.iter().map(|&face_id|self.mesh0.face_nd(face_id).0).collect();
				let v1f_n:Vec<Planar64Vec3>=v1f.iter().map(|&face_id|self.mesh1.face_nd(face_id).0).collect();
				let the_len=v0f.len()+v1f.len();
				for &directed_edge_id in self.mesh0.vert_edges(v0).iter(){
					let n=self.mesh0.directed_edge_n(directed_edge_id);
					let nn=n.dot(n);
					//make a set of faces
					let mut face_normals=Vec::with_capacity(the_len);
					//add mesh0 faces as-is
					face_normals.clone_from(&v0f_n);
					for face_n in &v1f_n{
						//add reflected mesh1 faces
						face_normals.push(*face_n-n*(face_n.dot(n)*2/nn));
					}
					if is_empty_volume(face_normals){
						edges.push(MinkowskiDirectedEdge::EdgeVert(directed_edge_id,v1));
					}
				}
				for &directed_edge_id in self.mesh1.vert_edges(v1).iter(){
					let n=self.mesh1.directed_edge_n(directed_edge_id);
					let nn=n.dot(n);
					let mut face_normals=Vec::with_capacity(the_len);
					face_normals.clone_from(&v1f_n);
					for face_n in &v0f_n{
						face_normals.push(*face_n-n*(face_n.dot(n)*2/nn));
					}
					if is_empty_volume(face_normals){
						edges.push(MinkowskiDirectedEdge::VertEdge(v0,directed_edge_id));
					}
				}
				Cow::Owned(edges)
			},
		}
	}
	fn vert_faces(&self,_vert_id:MinkowskiVert)->Cow<Vec<MinkowskiFace>>{
		unimplemented!()
	}
}

fn is_empty_volume(normals:Vec<Planar64Vec3>)->bool{
	let len=normals.len();
	for i in 0..len-1{
		for j in i+1..len{
			let n=normals[i].cross(normals[j]);
			let mut d_comp=None;
			for k in 0..len{
				if k!=i&&k!=j{
					let d=n.dot(normals[k]);
					if let Some(comp)=&d_comp{
						if *comp*d<Planar64::ZERO{
							return true;
						}
					}else{
						d_comp=Some(d);
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
	return false;
}

#[test]
fn test_is_empty_volume(){
	assert!(!is_empty_volume([Planar64Vec3::X,Planar64Vec3::Y,Planar64Vec3::Z].to_vec()));
	assert!(is_empty_volume([Planar64Vec3::X,Planar64Vec3::Y,Planar64Vec3::Z,Planar64Vec3::NEG_X].to_vec()));
}

#[test]
fn build_me_a_cube(){
	let unit_cube=crate::primitives::unit_cube();
	let mesh=PhysicsMesh::from(&unit_cube);
	//println!("mesh={:?}",mesh);
}